Newton's Laws of Motion

First Law: Law of Inertia

Newton's First Law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by a net external force.

Second Law: Law of Acceleration

Newton's Second Law quantifies the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. It states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.

F = m × a

Where:

F = net force (in Newtons)
m = mass (in kilograms)
a = acceleration (in meters per second squared)

Third Law: Action and Reaction

Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that if object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on object A.

F_AB = -F_BA

Where:

F_AB = force exerted by A on B
F_BA = force exerted by B on A